Titanium
TRANSITION METAL
Bohr Model: Electrons arranged in energy shells around the nucleus.
Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density and high strength. It is highly resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia and chlorine.
Quick Facts
Atomic Number 22
Period 4
Group 4
Phase Solid
Appearance silvery grey-white metallic
About Transition Metals
Transition metals are elements with partially filled d-orbitals. They are hard, have high melting points, and often form colored compounds.
History
Discovered By William Gregor
Named By Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass 47.8671
Density 4.506 g/L
Molar Heat 25.06 J/(mol·K)
Phase Transition (Melting & Boiling Points)
Titanium melts at 1941 K and boils at 3560 K.
Atomic Properties
Electron Config [Ar] 3d2 4s2
Electronegativity 1.54
Electron Affinity 7.289 kJ/mol
Ionization Energy 658.8 kJ/mol
Orbital Filling Diagram
This diagram visualizes electron configuration according to the Aufbau principle and Hund's rule.
Boxes represent orbitals (s, p, d, f), while arrows indicate electrons with spin up or down.
Electrons fill lower energy levels first and occupy orbitals singly before pairing.
Photograph
External Resources
Study Guide
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus, which defines the element.
Atomic Mass
The average mass of an atom, including protons and neutrons.
Electronegativity
A measure of how strongly an atom attracts electrons in a bond.
Ionization Energy
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
Electron Config
The arrangement of electrons in the atom's energy shells.